Tuesday, September 08, 2026

TT 241: Loving the Bus - This week's western bus upgrades


Some great news for bus users in parts of the City of Wyndham with bus improvements coming from this Sunday. All three are associated with long-anticipated road and rail projects being opened for use. 

West Tarneit

The new West Tarneit Station will relieve passenger loading and parking pressure at Tarneit Station, the busiest V/Line station outside Southern Cross. Public transport in the area currently comprises the very popular 182 bus south of the railway (mostly every 40 minutes) and the unreliable Tarneit FlexiRide north of the line. 

The new station opens on September 13. As a Geelong line station the basic service is every 20 minutes during the day on every day of the week. Peak frequency is somewhat higher while evening gaps can lengthen to 40-45 minutes. It is Wyndham's first new station since Regional Rail Link commenced in 2015. 

Two fixed bus routes will serve the bus interchange at West Tarneit. These include: 

* Existing Route 182 between Werribee and Tarneit will operate via the new station. In addition this very heavily used route will get a major service increase. Off-peak service will increase from every 40 to every 20 minutes with longer operating hours. Peak service will be on average every 15 minutes though there are some longer gaps. Like some other recently upgraded bus routes service finishes around midnight Monday to Saturday and 11pm on Sunday. 

Route 180 shares a significant part of Tarneit Rd with Route 180. While coordination is hampered by Werribee trains being every 20 minutes off-peak (unlike other lines like Sandringham which now enjoy a 10 minute frequency), if Werribee trains were upgraded to every 10 minutes then it might be possible for Tarneit Rd to have its first every 10 minute bus corridor with some careful scheduling of the two routes.  

* New Route 186 will operate between Tarneit and Tarneit West, giving the area north of the line fixed route coverage for the first time. Its service level is similar to the 182, that is every 15 minutes peak, 20 minutes off-peak seven days a week. It too runs late at night. I expect the 186 to be an instant success with many relieved to have this as a reliable alternative to FlexiRide. 


It is also possible that the Tarneit North FlexiRide will serve the new station though no details yet.

The maps and timetable for 182 and 196 are on the Transport Victoria website. Transport Victoria has also published an item called Better train and bus services in Melbourne’s west to tell people about West Tarneit Station and the above two bus upgrades. 

Transport Victoria has a habit of setting up pages and leaving them as unlinked 'orphans' until too close to  an improvement's start date. This, and their incomplete indexing from their main News page, is why Google is handy to find items that TV has written, published but not yet linked to.  

TV also takes a fragmented approach to publishing information, preferring a mode or project rather than area or customer-based presentation. For example, despite commencing on the same day and being in the same general part of Melbourne, other upgrades may be published separately with few references or links between them. In other cases additional material on the same set of network changes may be scattered elsewhere because it is done by a different section of the department. Two examples of this are presented next.      

Werribee

The third bus upgrade for the area to start on September 13 will be the Route 194 extension to Werribee.

Similar to Route 140 in Mt Atkinson, the intention was for this route to operate between two stations. However the road network was discontinuous and there was a pressing need to cover an unserved area so a shorter route was introduced in the interim.

Mt Atkinson's temporary version was numbered 140A (and left off local area maps) while the Harpley Estate temporary version was given the final number (194) and included on the Wyndham local map. 

Bus 194 will operate its full Wyndham Vale - Mambourin Harpley Estate - Werribee route from Sunday with this enabled by the Ison Rd overpass which opened on September 4. This will greatly speed travel times with an easy connection to Werribee. 

In addition Route 194 getting a large timetable boost. Weekday service will improve to every 20 minutes with 11pm to midnight finishes all night of the week. This is a large improvement for the new estates of Mambourin and Harpley Estate as well as the more established Riverwalk which previously only had the limited service Route 441 available. However, in contrast to the 182 and 186, weekend service will remain at every 40 minutes. 


Love the Bus campaign

Werribee and Tarneit are in one of two pilot areas for Transport Victoria's new Love The Bus campaign.

Tackling the low social licence of buses (a finding from market research DTP did for its proposed but aborted bus network reform) it seeks to personify the bus as something that's changed with better coverage, higher frequency and longer hours. Watch the campaign's video on Facebook here

Love The Bus is Melbourne's first bus marketing campaign for a long time. A predecessor was 2018's Explore Melbourne by Bus (beautiful posters, an interactive map but poorly targeted) under PTV. Then under Metlink there was the I highly recommend you get on the bus campaign sometimes starring comedian Frank Woodley from 2007. Again that sought to improve buses perception after large service upgrades that extended service to 9pm and added Sunday service on many routes. There has also been some more targeted route-specific marketing, such as for university shuttles like 401 and 601. 

While the video linked above is broad (attracting derision from those whose bus services remain limited) the main website page for Love The Bus concentrates on western and northern growth areas that have had substantial bus service upgrades in the last few years. Such targeting is good as it better aligns claims about service levels with reality and customer experience. 

Also helpful is the attempt to articulate a service offer with regards to frequency and operating hours. Such an expression is particularly desirable in Melbourne where buses need to overcome a (not always true) perception of poor service levels. Auckland faced similar issues before successfully reforming its bus network. You can compare service offers between our Love The Bus and Auckland's Frequent Network here:     


It may be that Auckland designed its service offer first and timetabled buses on its reformed network accordingly. Whereas Love The Bus is more a case of marketers coming later to sell bus services whose underlying service offer varies greatly. For example the 20 minute frequency has no clear time bands and may or may not apply on weekends. In 2021 I said that Victoria's Bus Plan should propose a standard service hierarchy for bus routes to make clearer Auckland-style service messaging easier. 

Then there's maps. DTP/Transport Victoria use them internally but are shyer about using them to publicly explain or sell the network, preferring written descriptions or leaving people to fend for themselves via the journey planner. The Love the Bus campaign is a welcome break from this reticence, with the production of maps that highlight bus routes that run every 20 minutes or better for 'most of the time'. 

The maps are on sub-pages for North (covering Craigieburn) and Outer West (basically the City of Wyndham).  

In Wyndham's case most of these routes (153, 154, 170, 180 and soon 182 and 186) are every 20 minutes seven days while 190 and (soon) 194 are this frequent on weekdays only. Route 192 between Werribee and Wyndham Vale is also every 20 minutes seven days but was left off the map, possibly as it has 30 min (or more) gaps in the morning peak.

The Outer West map reflects the network from 13 September 2026 while the text reflects the pre 13 September network in its inclusion of the shorter and less frequent Wyndham Vale - Harpley Estate version of the 194 without a link to the abovementioned news item on its extension and frequency upgrade. The text also inconsistently lists the new 451 Thornhill Park route but omits both the 140A in Mt Atkinson and the 405 in Cairnlea despite all three meeting the 20 minute threshold, at least on weekdays.  


The north (or basically Craigieburn) map is below. Again there is vague 'most of the day' messaging about the applicability of 20 minute service. This provides consistency with the Wyndham map but at the cost of specific information for Craigieburn that some might find helpful (eg "every 20 minutes for most of the day Monday to Friday"). Also since the V/Line service at Donnybrook is much less frequent than the V/Line service at Tarneit and Wyndham Vale it might have been helpful to note train frequencies on this map since it has no 'safety net' 20 minute maximum waits like Craigieburn and Roxburgh Park stations now have.     


Notwithstanding above issues identified, these maps are a great concept. Especially if they are put up at stations and bus interchanges. But some design choices illustrate the continued dominance of single mode 'silo' thinking within DTP/TV. Presumably that's based on a narrow project brief to raise the profile of buses. That is they do not highlight train lines that meet the 20 minute frequency requirement despite these connecting bus routes and offering more distant travel.

Passengers and the fare system treat the public transport network as a whole, so should TV. This single mode pattern of information presentation is something that Transport Victoria need to be coached out of; for a while  they even described multimodal local area maps as 'bus maps', which is incorrect. 

Where do you find these maps? I won't blame you if you can't find them. Currently they are hosted on an obscure safety campaign section of the TV website that few would visit. They are currently not linked from the general maps section nor indexed on the news page. Hopefully that will change from September 13 (although Craigieburn's is current now). 

The only other official map that showed some (not all!) of our more frequent bus routes got dumped when the PTV website transitioned to Transport Victoria. But the SmartBus map continues to be hosted elsewhere, eg here. While they might be telling us to love the bus, TV has yet to love their maps. 

Summary

These bus improvements along with the new West Tarneit station substantially improve public transport in these newer parts of Wyndham. Particularly notable is the 20 minute weekend service on two of the three bus routes discussed, well ahead of the 30 to 40 minute weekend frequencies more widespread in Melbourne. The operating hours also continue the extensions that have made after 9pm bus travel newly possible in many parts of outer Melbourne. 

Transport Victoria is making tentative steps towards promoting bus usage in some areas that have recently seen (very welcome) service upgrades. Its use of frequency maps represents progress for an organisation that has historically resisted promoting the more frequent parts of its network, especially through maps. However it needs to develop its mindset further in areas like multimodal network thinking, customer focus and information presentation for its work here to have the effect it should. 

 

See other Timetable Tuesday items here

Saturday, September 05, 2026

Former V/Line CEO jailed for corruption


Former V/Line CEO James Pinder and Transclean boss George Haritos got put in the slammer on Thursday September 3, 2026 for corruption over cleaning contracts uncovered by IBAC's Operation Esperance about five years ago. Associates of Haritos, including Alex Kyritsis, Steven Kyritsis, Maria Tsakopoulos, received community correction orders.  

Their conduct cheated Victorian taxpayers and, in Pinder's case, exhibited personal greed that betrayed the trust that we should be able to have in public officials. He was suspended and then sacked in 2020 but IBAC and the County Court needed more time to establish the whole truth and sentence appropriately. 

Pinder's fate, entirely of his own making, is a sad end to the career for someone who left school in England at fifteen to repair trains, rising to lead Australia's highest patronage and fastest growing regional railway.  

Learn more here:

News and commentary

3/9/2026 ABC news item

* 4/9/2026 IBAC media release

* 3/11/2020 my blog post with background on Operation Esperance

County Court of Victoria sentencing remarks and video

* 3/9/2026 Her Honour Judge Todd's accepted account of events, sentencing and sentencing remarks (including pdf and video - copyright County Court of Victoria)

* 3/9/2026 Her Honour Judge Todd's accepted account of events, sentencing and sentencing remarks (direct link to pdf document)

* Sentence of DPP v Pinder & Ors before Judge Todd - 3 September 2026 (direct link to YouTube video)

Her Honour's comments are detailed yet readable. Reading and/or watching is highly desirable to understand this case.

Thursday, September 03, 2026

UN 245: Metro Tunnels Everywhere? CL Fouvy's grand scheme for 2025

 


Executive Summary: A look at the legacy of CL Fouvy, a transport engineer who identified the need for SRL-style orbital rail lines as early as 1975 and designed a massive suburban rail grid to double public transport travel speeds by 2025.   

It's fair to say that this State Government has had some difficulties with the Suburban Rail Loop project in the last few weeks. 

New Premier Ben Carroll regards it as a lower priority than his predecessors did. Construction will proceed but with cost reductions that lessen connectivity to its stations.  The Auditor-General found the project was unlikely to be completed on schedule. And that some funding will come from a fares levy that was not disclosed to the public. The premier said he'll not continue with the levy but that would leave a gap that still needs to be filled somehow. 

SRL East, due to its entirely tunnelled nature, substantial stations, construction during an inflationary period and the special difficulties the Anglosphere has with containing construction costs on major projects, is an expensive project. And the State Government appears to be having difficulty in making its funding formula (1/3 state, 1/3 federal, 1/3 value capture) work. Especially as it is being built simultaneously with other high cost projects such as North-East Link. 

However imagine a city where the SRL was not exceptional or particularly expensive, but just one of  an extensive grid of rail systems under (and sometimes above) Melbourne. This is what engineer CL Fouvy envisaged in 2004, for completion in 2025. 

CL Fouvy worked for the Tramways as an engineer for many years. He did much of the modelling for the 1969 Melbourne Transportation Plan. More about that later but let's first look at the scheme he proposed in 2004. 

The Fouvy scheme

In 2004 he presented a paper to the Railway Technical Society of Australia proposing an underground Metro system for Melbourne. This was not just a loop under the CBD (like the City Loop) nor a single line under the suburbs (like the Suburban Rail Loop) but a grid network of lines spaced every 2 kilometres under most inner and middle suburbs. There would be hundreds of kilometres of new tracks in a General Scheme for Rapid Transit Development

Fouvy's proposed concept is below: 


A close-up of the CBD area is below: 


Of note is a north-south line not dissimilar to the now operating Metro Tunnel under Swanston St. This fanned out to two lines at Parkville and Southbank. Stations were typically closer together than the spacing chosen for the Metro Tunnel.  

Fouvy's proposal was published on the RTSA website. Unfortunately RTSA deleted it in a website revamp. But not before  it was captured by the Web Archive at: 
https://web.archive.org/web/20080721025337/http://rtsa.com.au/assets/2008/03/rapid-transit-by-l-fouvy.pdf  

I recommend you read the whole thing. But the main points were: 

* Large urban areas require rapid transit of 40km/h or more to cater for trips longer than 6 to 8 km. Current services are just too slow, especially when compared to car travel. 

* From 1854 to 1929 Melbourne's rapid transit rose in line with the population. Since then (writing in 2004) there were few developments, resulting in a 75 year backlog. 

* Fixing this backlog requires a 2km grid of radial and ring urban rapid transit routes across Melbourne's suburbs. Construction would cost $1.5b per year for the next 20 to 25 years. Fouvy considered that affordable, comparing it with the $2.8b we apparently spend on remedying road traffic crash data. Funding would come from fuel and congestion taxes on motorists.  

* A new rapid transit grid rail network could double the speed of many if not most public transport trips, particularly those between non-CBD points. It could attract serious mode share from driving.  

* Lines could be at ground level, tunnelled or elevated. Some would be electrified existing lines while others (the bulk of the network) would be new. 

* There would be 72 radial routes and 21 proposed ring rapid routes. Each route would run every 10 minutes during peak times and (apparently) 15 minutes off-peak. Tracks would be designed for 2 minute headways with up to 5 routes per track. 

* Fouvy does not address the reliability risks that a combination of relatively infrequent lines sharing the same track would pose. Also that 10 and 15 minute frequencies impose significant transfer penalties and platform crowding risks for what is envisaged to be a high volume metro network. 

* These electric rapid transit lines would keep Melbourne going as world oil supplies decline over the next 50 years. 

In other words, whereas universal automobility was predicated on cheap oil and continued high road construction, this transit-oriented alternative was justified by declining oil supplies. Rapid transit was necessary for cities with urbanised radii larger than 5 or 6 km. Melbourne had passed that long ago. 

CL Fouvy quotes the 1929 plan that found that Melbourne could accommodate 6 million people within a 21km radius. He lists various plans (1929, 1954, 1969) and their extension proposals, most of which were not implemented. The vision was for a compact, transit-oriented city (as opposed to a more car-oriented sprawly city). 

Fouvy says that he acknowledged the need for ring rapid transit routes (ie effectively SRL predecessors) as far back as 1975. This was driven by the incapability of the current radial rail network to serve many trips and the depletion of oil reserves by 2050 (with no substitute).

His scheme envisaged about 8 times more route kilometres than operated at the time to provide a useful grid based on nearly everyone in the urbanised area being within 2km of a station. Track kilometres would rise to about 3.6 times current. Thus many tracks would have several routes, which he describes as being more efficient. Hold that thought as I'll come back to his network philosophy later. 

Many new stations on existing lines were proposed. These range from sensible (eg Campbellfield) to batty (eg Ormond North which would make the Frankston line excruciatingly slower than it currently is). The current Premier would however note Keilor East's inclusion. 


Despite the closer spaced stations, trains would still be faster than buses. To answer objections against extending rail in favour of adding feeder services, the latter was considered to add too much time, and thus be ineffective. Overall trips would be vastly faster than now due to rail's much extended coverage. A few examples are given later. 

At $4.2m per kilometre of electrified double track, construction costs appear very low by modern standards. Even after accounting for CPI. Something that would have made construction cheaper is acceptance of new level crossings - something that would not be tolerated today. 

The document sets out a plan per 5 year period to built various lines. Ambitiously the first period is 2005 - 2010, starting just one year after his 2004 presentation. 


What difference would the Fouvy scheme make to travel speed? Like the Suburban Rail Loop project, Fouvy published before and after travel times for cross suburban trips. Here's a sample: 

Caulfield - Camberwell 35 > 14 min
Coburg - Melbourne Airport 51 > 25 min
Doncaster Shoppingtown - Ringwood 37 > 12 min
Hampton - Dandenong 65 > 25 min
Knox City - Dandenong 40 > 16 min
Monash - Doncaster Shoppingtown 61 > 24 min
Sydenham - Werribee 77 > 51 min

These are basically car competitive travel times, if not better, especially with higher congestion. Their reduction would not just contribute to modal shift but also likely generate new trips. 

Put in another way, on Melbourne's current PT network you struggle to have much less than 60 minutes travel time for all but direct rail trips to the CBD from most train stations. Whereas Fouvy's network roughly doubles travel speed to make many trips possible within 30 minutes, including those between suburbs. Thus it repositions public transport as being practical for a huge number of cross-suburban trips where it currently has a modal share of maybe 5% or less.  

Background on CL Fouvy and his network philosophy

Other material on Fouvy is published in past Australian Timetable Association magazines. These are hosted on its website at https://timetable.org.au under the Back Copies section at https://www.timetable.org.au/publications/back-copies

Sadly at the time of writing its links are broken. The lesson is always save copies of historical important documents on your own storage - you never know when they might become unavailable.  

Fortunately I was able to retrieve the April 2020 issue of The Times which says something about CL Fouvy's approach. Not from the current link which is at https://www.timetable.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/thetimes202004issue.pdf but inoperative when checked yesterday. Nor at a previously used link at http://cdn.timetable.org.au/thetimes202004issue.pdf . But an archive of that previous link at https://web.archive.org/web/20221027140521/http://cdn.timetable.org.au/thetimes202004issue.pdf was working. 

The relevant article, on page 3, is by Ian Manning. This gives some background to transport modelling, as used by (often) American consultancies to do transportation (sic) studies for Australian cities in the 1960s. These studies assumed continued cheap oil and road building that could keep pace with traffic resulting in a shift to driving for most trips other than (in the larger cities) CBD commuting. 

Fouvy's work on Melbourne's 1969 plan included measures of public transport service quality. Here's an interesting quote: 
‘Convenience of service is assumed greater for two routes [or two rail stations] each with two vehicles an hour, than for one route with four vehicles an hour, since wider areas are served. The use of the square root of the service frequency places more emphasis on the number of routes serving the area than on the service frequency of an individual route...'
This is a different approach to younger planners such as the late Paul Mees and Jarrett Walker who have favoured simpler but frequent grids featuring turn-up-and-go frequencies in suburban areas. It's as if the "network effect", which needs high frequency to work, wasn't then a thing in his mind. Also that perfect coordination with multiple routes in multiple directions was possible (which it isn't). And that people are more willing to wait up to half an hour for a line that takes them exactly where they want to go rather than a lesser time to a route that may or may not, not much waiting is involved to connect to the route to their destination.

In the case of rail multiple routes on the one corridor can lead to knock-on effects where a delay on one line also disrupts other lines. Hence the philosophy of 2010's era rail planning to operationally separate lines but run each at high frequency with the best possible interchange between them. At the time Fouvy presented his Melbourne plan in 2004, metropolitan rail punctuality had just started a long-term reliability fall with this not to seriously recover until nearly a decade later. Part of that recovery was driven by operational segregation, notably the formation of the cross-city group that took lines out of the City Loop.  

Based on the quote about his assumptions, it would seem that if Fouvy was allowed to plan a network it would be more like Melbourne's (often) complex and infrequent buses than the train or tram network (with a smaller number of more frequent routes). Or, in capital city terms, preferring Adelaide or Brisbane (both of which have been weak on bus network reform and have inferior frequencies) over Perth (with its simpler frequent routes, including on some non-CBD corridors). 

Fouvy's bias against frequency is confirmed when you look at his General Scheme profiled above. 10 and especially 15 minute frequencies might be fine for suburban buses but impose significant transfer penalties for those who need to change on a high volume Metro-style train station. His acceptance of up to five lines sharing tracks also imposes significant reliability challenges that modern Metro rail planning (including the Metro Tunnel) has tried to untangle.  

Puzzlingly Fouvy's preference for an extensive infrequent one-seat network over a frequent one that may require changes is despite him working for the Tramways, which (more so than the Victorian Railways, especially post WWII) had a culture of high frequency all day service. Although one could argue that the St Kilda Rd operations where each route had its own line to the CBD with no changing required is somewhat Fouvy-like. 

In a way one could consider Fouvy in the spirit of Daniel Andrews and Jacinta Allan. As premier and transport minister they staked their political life on building orbital rapid transit (ie the SRL) but  were reluctant to champion less capital intensive rail frequency upgrades and bus network reform. Though to be fair Fouvy did envisage reform of feeder routes and good interchange points that demonstrated a broad network rather than a narrow project vision.  

Other big rail schemes

Conclusion 

Based on low construction costs and ignoring the electrification of road transport, some might consider Fouvy's ambitious rail scheme as fanciful. It nevertheless still deserves study and reflection. Especially when one looks at the big expansion of road freeways in the last 60 years whereas electrified metropolitan passenger rail per capita is has fallen by maybe two-thirds in that period.

In contrast to the dense grid of the Fouvy plan, the SRL is the sole current orbital rail project with gap-filling concepts like extending the Alamein line or even tram routes to nearby stations seemingly not on the agenda. Electrification to growth areas like Melton, Donnybrook and Clyde has also lagged in the last decade, and these are just basic radial routes. 

The Fouvy scheme's audacity can inspire us all. But also be aware of its assumptions and limitations with regards to the broader transport context and network design, including frequency and reliability. 

Read it here: https://web.archive.org/web/20080721025337/http://rtsa.com.au/assets/2008/03/rapid-transit-by-l-fouvy.pdf  


An index to all Useful Network items is here