Friday, February 04, 2022

Election 2022 special: Public transport upgrades by seat - Part 4 The safer seats


I explained the political benefits of proposing public transport service improvements on 7 January. Three weeks ago I presented a list of Melbourne-wide service upgrades skewed towards politically marginal seats (Part 1).

Part 2 a fortnight ago covered the marginal seats in detail. Last week in Part 3 I looked at less marginal (but still potentially changeable) seats. This only covered Labor seats under the assumption that 2018 was a high water mark for Labor and that the Coalition would retain all their seats won in 2018 despite their margins being thinner.

Such an assumption has limitations, for example it excludes the possibility of a further drubbing as occurred in Western Australia. There may also be issues in particular seats due to the redistribution, retirements and scandals. Hence I shall cover all Greater Melbourne area seats, no matter how apparently safe, in this series.

Today I’ll cover two sets of much safer seats. This includes Labor seats with a 15 to 20% margin and Coalition seats with a 6 to 10% margin. While the latter looks slim, seats in both the Labor and Coalition lists have rarely if ever been held by the other side. 

Unless swings in November are very pronounced these seats are unlikely to have a role in who forms government.  However this does not mean that parties should ignore them for campaigning purposes. Strong or at least fair results in all seats are needed for the governing party to get a majority (or at least a workable minority) in the Legislative Council, and thus pass its bills.

Unlike (say) primary schools but like larger hospitals and TAFEs, bus roues and train lines rarely serve just a single seat. Instead longer routes may serve 5 or more seats. Hence a service upgrade that benefits one or two marginal seats can easily also benefit safer seats too.  


 (notional 15-20% margin) 


Clarinda (ALP 15%)

A diverse seat in Melbourne's middle south-east. Not directly served by rail but will be traversed by the proposed Suburban Rail Loop whose stabling yard location is being opposed by vocal Heatherton residents. Has traditionally been the site of other Green Wedge anti-development campaigns spearheaded by middle class homeowners around Dingley and Heatherton. However the strongly Labor suburbs of Clarinda and Noble Park make a loss for Labor's Meng Heang Tak unlikely. 

Melbourne-wide service initiatives (see Part 1 for details)

* 3: Pakenham/Cranbourne line more trains more often / maximum waits slashed.

* 5: Suburban Rail Loop East SmartBus Stage 1 / Linking the South-east

* 6: SmartBus 2.0 / SmartBus more often to more places

* 9: Weekend bus boosts

* 10: Cheap & cheerful bus upgrades / Many upgrades in many places

Potential additional local initiatives (not in Part 1 above)

* Add extra trips to and extend Route 705 to terminate at Monash University Clayton to form fast route from Mordialloc area.  

* Increased weekend frequency on Routes 811/812.


Essendon (ALP 15.8%)

Middle suburban Melbourne north-west seat historically favoured by (now) middle class socially conservative Catholics of Italian or Irish heritage. Long established area with many private schools. Has been held by Labor since 1996 with it only swinging to the Liberals when Labor does very poorly (1992) or has its vote split by sectarian-based party disunity (Democratic Labor Party). The Labor candidate will be Danny Pearson MP who was first elected in 2014. 

Melbourne-wide service initiatives (see Part 1 for details)

* 9: Weekend bus boosts

* 10: Cheap & cheerful bus upgrades / Many upgrades in many places

Potential additional local initiatives (not in Part 1 above)

* Reduce Craigieburn line maximum waits by increasing evening and Sunday morning frequency from every 30-40 to every 20 minutes. 

* Boost Craigieburn line interpeak and preferably weekend daytime frequency from 20 to 10 minutes. 

* Extend operating hours and add Sunday service to bus route 468 to deliver a 7 day Highpoint connection from Essendon station. 

* Simplify local buses by operating bus route 469 as two separate route numbers (with split at Airport West). 

* Boost Tram 82 services to a level more similar to other trams in Melbourne by boosting evening service from every 30 to every 20 minutes. 

Oakleigh (ALP 16.1%)

Located in Melbourne's middle south-east this seat has been reliably Labor since 1999. Before then it was represented by non-Labor members for long stretches when Labor was doing poorly. Very multicultural including Russian communities around Carnegie, Greeks in Oakleigh and Vietnamese in Clayton. Also popular with international students due to universities at Caulfield and Clayton. Area has undergone significant housing densification. Area has gained many level crossing removals though not without controversy from concerns whipped up over 'Skyrail'. However it ended up freeing space for parkland and has become well accepted. Steve Dimopoulos will be recontesting this seat for Labor. 

Melbourne-wide service initiatives (see Part 1 for details)

* 3: Pakenham/Cranbourne line more trains more often / maximum waits slashed.

* 5: Suburban Rail Loop East SmartBus Stage 1 / Linking the South-east

* 6: SmartBus 2.0 / SmartBus more often to more places

* 7: Strategic bus connections / filling the missing gaps

* 9: Weekend bus boosts

* 10: Cheap & cheerful bus upgrades / Many upgrades in many places

Potential additional local initiatives (not in Part 1 above)

* Extension to Chadstone and major frequency and operating hours upgrade for bus route 693 along Ferntree Gully Rd to improve access to the northern Monash precinct. 


Mulgrave (ALP 16.4%)

A diverse south-eastern seat held by premier Daniel Andrews since the seat's latest formation in 2002. Includes a large section of Springvale Rd and areas further east. In this part of Melbourne incomes rise from south to north, with low income areas around Springvale and sprawling 'McMansions' at Wheelers Hill housing the area's highest earners. 

Melbourne-wide service initiatives (see Part 1 for details)

* 3: Pakenham/Cranbourne line more trains more often / maximum waits slashed.

* 6: SmartBus 2.0 / SmartBus more often to more places

* 9: Weekend bus boosts

* 10: Cheap & cheerful bus upgrades / Many upgrades in many places

Potential additional local initiatives (not in Part 1 above)

* Bus network simplification in Mulgrave area including simpler and more frequent services along Police Rd connecting with trains at Clayton. 

* Additional pedestrian crossings on busy Police Rd since continuous fast traffic makes sections uncrossable.

Yan Yean (ALP 16.4%)

Northern suburbs and peri-urban seat including now more established growth areas around Mernda and emerging (and still poorly serviced) growth sprawl around Donnybrook and Beveridge. Also includes long established semi-rural areas like Diamond Creek. Notionally marginal but most of the elections the seat has existed for have been good for Labor. Becoming increasingly multicultural with some new estates being marketed to migrant groups. The eastern part of the seat has benefited from the Mernda  line extension but a large backlog in infrastructure and services (including public transport) remains in other areas. While its 2018 margin looks healthy, Labor really cannot take this seat for granted since growth will mean thousands of new voters this time who weren't there last time. Labor is also vulnerable as it will no longer have the name recognition of long-term incumbent MP Danielle Green who will not be recontesting. Hence no matter what happens Yan Yean will get a new representative in 2022. 

Melbourne-wide service initiatives (see Part 1 for details)

* 8: Growth area logical extensions

* 9: Weekend bus boosts

* 10: Cheap & cheerful bus upgrades / Many upgrades in many places

Potential additional local initiatives (not in Part 1 above)

* Upgrade bus route 390 to run every 20 minutes 7 days to provide a stronger east-west link. 

* Upgrade bus route 389 from 5 to 7 days. 

* New bus route serving estates east of Donnybrook station along Donnybrook Rd and other growth areas as needed.

* A package of rail service and infrastructure upgrades including (i) all-week frequency boosts on Seymour line, (ii) new V/Line station at Beveridge and (iii) rail electrification to Wallan.  

* Mernda area mini-network review to split complex 388/389 loop into two simpler linear routes and consider alignment given the new route 390 in area. 


Sydenham (ALP 17.7%)


Should really be called 'Taylors' given it's the name of numerous lakes, roads and suburbs in the area. Sydenham is a north-west suburban seat comprising 1980s housing around Taylors Lakes in the east, through 1990s/2000s Taylors Hill then to Fraser Rise in the middle to the current urban frontier including estates off Taylors Rd including Deanside. It has been held by Labor's Natalie Hutchins since its formation in 2014. New areas are being built at increasing distances from stations. Given this and the higher density of newer suburbs bus rapid transit needs to be considered for the area to provide improved connectivity and good journey times. 

Melbourne-wide service initiatives (see Part 1 for details)

* 9: Weekend bus boosts

* 10: Cheap & cheerful bus upgrades / Many upgrades in many places

Potential additional local initiatives (not in Part 1 above)

* North West Bus Rapid Transit: Two new Bus Rapid Transit lines along Taylors and Gourlay Rds, featuring dedicated lanes and 7 day high frequency service extending east to Melbourne Airport and Broadmeadows (concept here). 

* Upgrade Bus Route 420 to SmartBus with longer operating hours and higher frequency. 

* Maximum wait for trains to Watergardens reduced from 30-40 min to 20 min with increased evening and Sunday morning frequencies. 

* Trains to Watergardens upgraded from every 20 min to every 10 minutes during the day 7 days. 


Tarneit (ALP 17.7%)

Western metropolitan growth area seat currently held by Labor's Sarah Connolly. Popular amongst migrants from Indian Subcontinent. Relatively densely populated with lower car ownership than other outer suburbs. Buses in the are area amongst the most productive in Melbourne though service levels are not always high. Held by Labor's Sarah Connolly who has been able to get some local bus upgrades.

Melbourne-wide service initiatives (see Part 1 for details)

* 4: Geelong and Melton weekend trains more often / waits halved (or better).

* 8: Growth area logical extensions

* 10: Cheap & cheerful bus upgrades / Many upgrades in many places

Potential additional local initiatives (not in Part 1 above)

* Further bus network coverage extensions. * Upgrade Werribee line to operate every 10 minutes during the day.


Bundoora (ALP 18.1%)

A reliable Labor-voting northern suburbs seat once held by premier John Cain. Centred on Plenty Rd which saw several tram extensions in the 1980s. Most of the seat is ethnically diverse with it being popular amongst successful postwar Greek and Italian migrants who had moved out of smaller and more crowded homes closer in. Later people from the Middle East and China have made the seat their home with nearby La Trobe University being a drawcard. 

Melbourne-wide service initiatives (see Part 1 for details)

* 6: SmartBus 2.0 / SmartBus more often to more places

* 7: Strategic bus connections / filling the missing gaps

* 9: Weekend bus boosts

* 12: Tram service refresh.

Potential additional local initiatives (not in Part 1 above)

* Upgrade of Route 566 bus including regular 15-20 min 7 day service, extension to Epping Plaza, longer operating hours and splitting at Greensborough to simplify route. 

* Bus network simplification in Greensborough area including routing all 513 trips the same way and boosting local bus frequencies from 22-26 min to 20 min to harmonise with trains. 

* Hurstbridge line train service upgrade to reduce maximum waits from 30-40 to 20 min on evenings and Sunday mornings as far as Eltham. 

* Extension of Route 86 tram to South Morang Station.
 

St Albans (ALP 18.8%)

Very multicultural and mostly working class seat in Melbourne's north-west centred on the Sunbury rail line. Average incomes and newness of housing rises roughly from south to north with Taylors Rd a significant socio-economic divide. Cairnlea also has some newer housing and higher incomes. Community, family and/or faith are important to many in this area. St Albans is the type of safe Labor seat where the main challenge is obtaining and retaining factional support for your preselection is more critical than convincing the electorate to support you. The current member is Natalie Suleyman who has been associated with the Adem Somyurek branch-stacking affair. 

Melbourne-wide service initiatives (see Part 1 for details)

* 6: SmartBus 2.0 / SmartBus more often to more places

* 7: Strategic bus connections / filling the missing gaps

* 9: Weekend bus boosts

* 10: Cheap & cheerful bus upgrades / Many upgrades in many places

Potential additional local initiatives (not in Part 1 above)

* Upgrade Bus Route 420 to SmartBus with longer operating hours and higher frequency. 

* New bus route from Deer Park to St Albans via Cairnlea to improve local coverage. 

* Maximum wait for trains to Watergardens reduced from 30-40 min to 20 min with increased evening and Sunday morning frequencies. 

* Trains to Watergardens upgraded from every 20 min to every 10 minutes during the day 7 days. 

* North-west bus rapid transit for improved east-west buses and potential connectivity to Melbourne Airport (see under Sydenham above). 

Williamstown (ALP 19.0)

The trendy cafes of Williamstown are a long way from the humble spice grocers of St Albans but they both have Labor voting in common. Williamstown has supported the careers of Labor royalty such as Joan Kirner and Steve Bracks. Its most recent candidate, Labor scion Melissa Horne, had an even more sudden rise, jumping from 2018 candidate to cabinet within days. Significantly for us, the portfolio involved was public transport. Unfortunately for her career's advancement the portfolio's challenges required a more experienced minister that we got later in Ben Carroll. However Ms Horne in 2022 will have the benefit of incumbency and profile as the local member that she lacked in 2018. This should help her to comfortably retain Williamstown despite the slightly unfavourable redistribution. 

Melbourne-wide service initiatives (see Part 1 for details)

* 9: Weekend bus boosts

Potential additional local initiatives (not in Part 1 above)

* Route 472 upgrade including better connectivity to central Williamstown and upgraded Sunday frequency (from every 50 to every 20 or 30 min).

* Upgrade bus route 415 to run longer hours, 7 days per week and more frequent than every 80 minutes on weekends. 

* Altona North bus network revamp including boosting Route 411 to a more frequent/longer hours SmartBus, simpler more direct routes along Blackshaws and Masons Rd to Newport Station and a new Fishermans Bend bus connection from Newport Station.  

* Werribee and Williamstown line service to deliver day and night 10 minute frequency at Newport by running all Williamstown trains to CBD at all times. 

* Construction of a new station at Paisley and associated timetable upgrade to provide it with an all week service (and faster weekend travel to Werribee). 


Lara (ALP 19.1)

Safe Geelong northern suburbs Labor seat hit hard by economic change with its blue collar manufacturing workforce being replaced with casual on-call precariats and those not working. Also includes the commuter town of Lara itself, Avalon airport and a large but lowly populated rural expanse to the north. 

Melbourne-wide service initiatives (see Part 1 for details)

* 4: Geelong and Melton weekend trains more often / waits halved (or better).

Potential additional local initiatives (not in Part 1 above)

* Upgrade bus route 1 to Geelong's first SmartBus style service with extended operating hours and improved peak and weekend frequency between North Shore and Deakin University. 

* Extended operating hours on other local bus routes. 

* Access and amenity improvements at local stations. 

(notional 6 - 10% margin)


Malvern (Liberal 6.2%)

Wealthy inner-south-east seat wedged between Dandenong Rd and Gardiners Creek. Has always been held by Liberal Party. Current member is former party leader Michael O'Brien. Includes some older shopping strips along tram routes and the massive Chadstone shopping centre in the seat's east. 

 

Melbourne-wide service initiatives (see Part 1 for details)

* 3: Pakenham/Cranbourne line more trains more often / maximum waits slashed.

* 6: SmartBus 2.0 / SmartBus more often to more places

* 7: Strategic bus connections / filling the missing gaps

* 9: Weekend bus boosts

* 10: Cheap & cheerful bus upgrades / Many upgrades in many places

* 12: Tram service refresh.

Potential additional local initiatives (not in Part 1 above)

* Short tram extensions to nearest station. 


Narracan (Liberal 6.6%)

A fringe area seat only included as parts are very close to metropolitan Melbourne in Pakenham. Hence it is likely to attract some spillover growth, especially when the electrified rail network is extended to Pakenham East.  The seat is held by Liberal member Gary Blackwood. 


Melbourne-wide service initiatives (see Part 1 for details)

* 3: Pakenham/Cranbourne line more trains more often / maximum waits slashed.

* 8: Growth area logical extensions

Potential additional local initiatives (not in Part 1 above)

* Frequency upgrades and other improvements for Traralgon trains. 


Conclusion

Seats like these rarely change hands so will likely not be deciders of who form government. Nevertheless they still cannot be taken for granted. We have had some very volatile results in states like WA and Queensland in the last 10-15 years. If these were replicated here then even these seats could swing.

Margins in safe seats can be eroded by the antics or record of the party that holds them. This is especially where a party regards safe seat preselections as sinecures that can be traded in factional deals. The ensuing party hack that gets parachuted in may have few local ties, take local constituents for granted and be rarely seen in the seat, choosing instead to live well outside it. 

Where the chosen candidate is more public celebrity than unknown hack, there are still risks. This is because 'prima-donna' celebrities may be unaccustomed to working with others in the party or impatient with doing (often boring) constituent work and events.  

Even if the opposing major party still has too weak a primary vote to seriously challenge the lazy member, scope exists for a strong local independent to harvest preferences and pose a threat or at least make the seat much less safe. The threat of this is amplified when there is an unpopular state or national government, a particular policy issue important in a seat is poorly handled or if there is a by-election (which can favour non-government candidates). 

In other cases party-affiliated MPs may resign or be expelled from the party. At the next election the party may select a new candidate and, if they are sufficiently disgruntled, the incumbent member may stand as an independent. To the extent that the latter retains some personal vote, that may at least weaken the party's margin, making the seat less safe, particularly with hostile preferencing.    

 We've so far only discussed the lower house. A safe seat may be grouped with less safe seats to form a multi-member region used for the Legislative Council. A successful government needs to be able to pass legislation. Even if it doesn't quite get a majority in the Council, it needs enough to make it easy to partner with a small number of broadly sympathetic independent or minor party MPs. Even though some people vote differently for each house, broadly speaking Legislative Assembly support for a party roughly correlates with Legislative Council support. Hence high primary votes in safe Legislative Assembly seats are not completely 'wasted' if they contribute to a good result for the party in the Legislative Council. 

The lesson in all this is that not even 'safe' seats can be taken for granted even from a narrow political point of view. Besides people in these areas still need public transport service upgrades too! 

Have you read all items in this series? You will need to for today's item to make sense. If not see them here: 

How to win votes with public transport in 2022

Election 2022 special: Public transport service upgrades by seat - Part 1 Metropolitan overview

Election 2022 special: Public transport service upgrades by seat - Part 2 The marginals

Election 2022 special: Public transport service upgrades by seat - Part 3 Less marginal seats

Election 2022 special: Public transport service upgrades by seat - Part 4 Safer seats (this one)

Election 2022 special: Public transport service upgrades by seat - Part 5 The safest seats 

Election 2022 special: Public transport service upgrade by seat - Part 6 Summary


NOTE: This item may be updated nearer the 2022 state election if interesting facts about seats and candidates come to hand. 

 

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